Experiencia perceptual y sustento epistémico

In this paper we analyze the problem of how our perceptual experiences give epistemic support to our beliefs. We begin with some considerations formulated by Fodor, but revise them in some respects. We consider, in particular, his recent proposal for the existence of non-conceptual representations in perceptual information processing. Our aim is to vindicate, against the arguments raised by some representatives of so-called ‘perceptual conceptualism’, a normative role for perceptual experiences insofar as they are conceived as representations with non-conceptual content.En este trabajo analizamos el problema de cómo nuestras experiencias perceptuales sustentan epistémicamente nuestras creencias. Partimos de algunas consideraciones de Fodor al respecto, aunque revisadas en ciertos aspectos. Especialmente nos ocupamos de su reciente defensa de la existencia de representaciones no-conceptuales en el procesamiento de la información perceptual. Nuestra pretensión es reivindicar, frente a los argumentos en contra esgrimidos por algunos representantes del llamado ‘conceptualismo perceptual’, un papel normativo para las experiencias perceptuales concebidas como representaciones con contenido no-conceptual

Perceptual experience and epistemic support

In this paper we analyze the problem of how our perceptual experiences give epistemic support to our beliefs. We begin with some considerations formulated by Fodor, but revise them in some respects. We consider, in particular, his recent proposal for the existence of non-conceptual representations in perceptual information processing. Our aim is to vindicate, against the arguments raised by some representatives of so-called ‘perceptual conceptualism’, a normative role for perceptual experiences insofar as they are conceived as representations with non-conceptual content

FAIRMODE Spatial representativeness feasibility study

Within Fairmode, it is planned to organize an intercomparison exercise of methods for the assessment of the spatial representativeness of monitoring sites. It is expected that the outcomes of the proposed intercomparison exercise will substantially support future efforts towards a harmonized methodological framework to facilitate the reporting of spatial representativeness by the Member States. This report presents a feasibility study including a Bibliographical review of the studies done for experts published in scientific journals or technical reports , a tentative definition of the concept of spatial representativeness after reviewing the papers and reports found in the bibliographical review , the development of a questionnaire to get technical information of the methodologies used to estimate the area of representativeness of air quality monitoring stations by the main expert groups in Europe, an analysis of the survey results and a discussion about the feasibility of an intercomparison exercise for methodologies estimating the spatial representativeness of monitoring stations.JRC.H.2-Air and Climat

Rural Fires: Causes of Human Losses in the 2017 Fires in Portugal

Extreme wildfires are increasingly rising to intense and uncontrolled fires, with dimension and destructive potentials that are greater than what has been seen and dealt with. The hazards posed by these fires increase significantly when they approach the wild–urban interface, with relevant environmental and socio-economic consequences. The 2009 Victorian bushfires and the 2017 Portugal wildfires are powerful reminders, and they have demonstrated the need to better understand why mitigation plans have failed to protect the community in these events and to improve community resilience. The year 2017 is a milestone in the history of wildfires in Portugal, not only because of the vast burned area but also due to the high number of fatalities. The two occurrences were at different times (June and October) but were geographically close (region of centre of Portugal). A total of 117 deaths occurred in both events and 92% of the victims were in wild–urban interface areas. This paper analyses and discusses the characteristics and causes of death of the victims of these two events: age, place of death, distance from place of death to place of residence and last-minute choices to aim to understand the actions that people took in the face of the approaching fire, which led to their death. In both cases, most people died fleeing the fire without any information from the competent authorities. In the end, it is possible to identify risk factors that lead to the death of civilians due to wildfires, such as the increase in demand for rurality by young people from big cities with no previous contact with wildfires; on the other hand, there is the ageing of the population residing in forest areas, who were previously physically and structurally prepared to deal with fires and are currently no longer able to.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Study of dyslipidemia in patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in primary health care

Background. Obstructve Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is associated with several morbidites. The most important ones are obesity, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. A clear relatonship of OSAS and dyslipidemia is yet to be demonstrated. Objectves. To evaluate the prevalence of dyslipidemia as a morbidity associated with OSAS and to understand its relatonship with the severity of OSAS. Material and methods. We randomly selected 92 patents diagnosed untl the end of May 2016 with OSAS from two primary health care units and 184 patents as controls (no OSAS diagnosed) from random lists of patents matched in age and gender with patents with OSAS. We calculated the prevalence of the classifed comorbidites (overweight, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia) in both groups. We used logistc regression to check the associaton between them. We evaluated the relatonship between dyslipidemia and OSAS severity by using the Apnea/Hypopnea Index (AHI). Results. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 80% in patents with OSAS. Patents with OSAS were diagnosed as overweight (97%), had arterial hypertension (89%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (43%). OSAS was not independently related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (p = 0.101) and to dyslipidemia (p = 0.389). However, overweight and arterial hypertension were related independently to OSAS (p < 0.001) with a risk for OSAS. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in patents with mild, moderate and severe OSAS was 22%, 13% and 25%, respectvely. Conclusions. Patents with OSAS have a high prevalence of dyslipidemia despite not being independently related. There were no statstcal differences between patents with mild, moderate and severe OSAS.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Restoration of paintings on domes with non-developable geometry (Los Santos Juanes Church in Valencia)

[EN] The restoration of paintings on elements in cultural heritage buildings (fundamentally, churches) involves two structural problems: capturing the geometry of the construction element and its development. In many cases, the geometries are regular (e.g., cylinders, spheres, elliptical domes). However, there are cases in which the elements cannot be adapted to any known geometry, much less one that can be mathematically developed. The development of surfaces becomes essential for the restoration of paintings over "flat elements" (over which work is performed on the ground) that are subsequently transferred to the real surface (ceilings). The mathematical transformations that allow regular geometries to be developed are widely known (cartographic projections). However, when the geometry is irregular, there is no development. This study presents a new methodology based on differential rectification and its application for the development of oculi in the Los Santos Juanes Church (Valencia), whose geometry is completely irregular both in shape and as a result of construction defects (and damage caused by fire). The present study focuses on the restoration of paintings damaged by fire.Navarro Esteve, PJ.; Yudici Oliver, SA.; Herráez Boquera, J.; Denia Rios, JL.; Martín Sánchez, MT.; Rodríguez Pereña, J. (2018). Restoration of paintings on domes with non-developable geometry (Los Santos Juanes Church in Valencia). International Journal of Architectural Heritage. 12(2):169-177. https://doi.org/10.1080/15583058.2017.1356946S16917712

KeyConNet: Promoción y desarrollo de las competencias clave

This paper presents the KeyCoNet Project: Promotion and development of key competencies (2012-2014). A research project funded by the European Commission under the action of the Lifelong Learning Programme (LLP). This project developed in Austria, Belgium, Spain, Estonia, Finland, France, Ireland, Malta, Norway, Poland, Portugal, United Kingdom, Slovakia and Switzerland is a European network focused on the identification and analysis of initiatives relative to Development Key Competencies (DKC) for lifelong learning in primary and secondary education at European level.En este trabajo se presenta el Proyecto KeyCoNet: Promotion and development of key competencies (2012-2014). Un proyecto de investigación financiado por la Comisión Europea en el marco de la acción del Lifelong Learning Program (LLP). Este proyecto desarrollado en Austria, Bélgica, España, Estonia, Finlandia, Francia, Irlanda, Malta, Noruega, Polonia, Portugal, Reino Unido, República Eslovaca y Suiza constituye una red europea centrada en la identificación y análisis de iniciativas relacionadas con el Desarrollo de las Competencias Clave (DCC) para el aprendizaje permanente en la enseñanza primaria y secundaria a nivel Europeo. El objetivo general del Proyecto KeyCoNet es producir recomendaciones en materia de políticas y prácticas educativas en la promoción y desarrollo de las competencias clave para el aprendizaje permanente, en virtud de las legislaciones educativas vigentes en cada país y del análisis de las prácticas educativas que se están a implementa en los mismo. Para ello, se toman como indicadores base del DCC en cada país el análisis de la literatura de las políticas y prácticas educativas; notas de caso sobre el DCC; estudio de casos de las iniciativas del DCC; relatos de visitas de aprendizaje interpares; panorámicas nacionales y tendencias europeas en el acompañamiento del DCC; vídeos ilustrativos de prácticas educativas sobre la promoción y desarrollo de las competencias clave; entre otros factores. De este modo, los resultados de la presente investigación se encaminan al la definición de las recomendaciones establecidas para reforzar el desarrollo de las competencias clave en el ámbito legislativo y en la práctica educativa, haciendo especial hincapié en las medidas para profundizar y sustentar las reformas educativas; ajustar las reformas educativas a las realidades escolares; y recomendaciones para la Unión Europea en materia de promoción y desarrollo de las competencias cave para el aprendizaje permanente

An observational retrospective study of odontogenic cyst´s and tumours over an 18-year period in a Portuguese population according to the new WHO Head and Neck Tumour classification

Odontogenic cysts and tumours of the jaws represent one of the most prevalent groups of oral-maxillofacial lesions. We aimed to evaluate the clinical and pathological characteristics of a cohort of odontogenic cysts (OC) and odontogenic tumours (OT) of the jaws in a Portuguese population. This observational retrospective study analysed patients diagnosed with either an OC or OT of the jaws at a central hospital of Oporto, Portugal, between 1988 and 2006. Data collected from patients? files included demographic, clinical, radiological and histopathological information. Recurrence was evaluated using univariate and multivariate analysis. The sample consisted of 397 patients, 231 males (58.2%) and 166 females (41.8%), with a mean-age of 36.7±17 years. Twenty-seven patients (6.8%) presented with more than one lesion providing a total of 433 lesions. There were 396 (91.5%) OC, mostly represented by radicular cysts (n=257;59.4%), dentigerous cysts (n=79;18.2%), or odontogenic keratocysts (n=50;11.5%). There were 37 (8.5%) OT, mostly represented by ameloblastomas (n=16;3.7%), and odontomas (n=9;2.1%). The most common initial clinical manifestation was swelling (n=224;51.7%). Recurrence was observed in 30 cases (6.9%), mostly in ameloblastomas (n=6;37.5%) and odontogenic keratocysts (n=12;24%). In the multivariate analysis the diagnosis classification of the lesion was the only independent and significant variable related with the recurrence (P=0.04). Radicular cysts were the most commonly occurring type of OC and ameloblastomas the most commonly occurring OT. Amelobastomas and odontogenic keratocysts were the lesions with the highest rates of recurrence. This large sample provides useful information about the frequency profile and characteristics of OC and OT over a period of 18 years, allowing valuable comparison with data from other countries

FAIRMODE Intercomparison exercise - Dataset to assess the area of representativeness of Air Quality Monitoring Stations

A feasibility study for organizing an intercomparison exercise (IE) of the methods used for estimating of the area of representativeness of the Air Quality Monitoring Stations (SR) in Europe has been carried out. It showed that it should be possible to compare the extent of SR determined by the different methods. Moreover, at the FAIRMODE-Aveiro meeting in 2015, the participants agreed to carry out the intercomparison exercise assessing the SR estimates for PM10 and NO2 at one traffic station, and for PM10, NO2 and O3 at two urban background stations. This report presents a dataset suitable for the FAIRMODE IE of the area of representativeness of Air Quality Monitoring Stations in the urban area of Antwerp (Belgium) for the year 2012. Three monitoring stations, Borgerhout-Straatkant, Antwerpen-Linkeroever and Schoten, have been selected for the evaluation. The dataset includes the model results for interpolated annual means on a fine regular grid, hourly time series at a number of 341 virtual receptor points to which random noise have been added, data from measurements of the Antwerp automatic monitoring stations, individual sampling campaigns, emissions, traffic, population density, building information, gridded CORINE land cover data, a short summary of PM10 speciated data and daily time profiles for traffic.JRC.C.5-Air and Climat